Types of Weight Loss Surgery
and
How They Work
Gastric Bypass (Roux-en-Y)
Gastric Bypass, medically known as Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass, is one of the most commonly performed and well-researched types of weight loss surgery. It combines both restrictive and malabsorptive techniques, meaning it reduces the size of your stomach and also limits how many calories and nutrients your body absorbs.The surgeon divides the stomach into two sections. A small pouch, roughly the size of an egg, is created at the top of the stomach using surgical staples. This becomes the new, smaller stomach, which limits how much food you can eat at one time.
Sleeve Gastrectomy
Sleeve Gastrectomy, also known as Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy (VSG), is one of the most popular weight loss surgeries worldwide. It is primarily a restrictive procedure, which means it limits the amount of food your stomach can hold without altering the intestines.
During this procedure, approximately 75–80% of the stomach is surgically removed. The remaining portion of the stomach is shaped into a narrow tube or “sleeve”, about the size and shape of a banana.
Biliopancreatic Diversion with Duodenal Switch
Biliopancreatic Diversion with Duodenal Switch (BPD/DS) is one of the most complex and powerful types of weight loss surgery. It combines both restrictive and malabsorptive components, resulting in significant and long-term weight loss. Though less commonly performed than gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy, it is highly effective especially for individuals with severe obesity or metabolic conditions.
BPD/DS is usually recommended for individuals with severe obesity and significant health risks, or for those who have failed to achieve results with other surgical options. Due to its complexity, it must be performed by experienced bariatric surgeons and followed with rigorous post-operative care.
Sustainable Weight Loss
Weight loss surgery helps patients achieve and maintain significant weight loss, especially when traditional methods such as diet and exercise have failed. It provides a sustainable path to a healthier lifestyle.
Improved Overall Health
After surgery, many patients experience significant improvement in obesity-related conditions such as type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and sleep apnea. The procedure can dramatically reduce long-term health risks.
Enhanced Quality of Life
Beyond the physical transformation, weight loss surgery can lead to improved self-confidence, better mobility, and increased participation in daily activities. Many patients report a more active and fulfilling life after surgery.